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观测降水概率不确定性对集合预报概率Brier技巧评分结果的分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用淮河地区652个站点日降水量和参加全球交互式大集合预报计划的中国T213集合预报系统24 h累积降水预报,建立了新的集合预报评分中观测资料的处理方法.该方法基于模式检验的观测资料处理中考虑不确定性的思想,构建了观测概率法和观测百分位法的观测资料处理方法.本文方法和通常数值预报检验观测资料处理方法的模式检验对比分析表明:采用了观测概率法和观测百分位法处理降水观测后,五个降水阈值预报Brier评分检验表明,新的观测资料处理方法使预报的Brier评分分值下降,即预报性能得到提高,尤其在中低降水阈值区域较为明显.Brier技巧评分可靠性和分辨性的分析表明,模式五个降水阈值预报都有预报技巧.新的观测资料处理方法普遍提高了五个降水阈值预报的分辨性,但是降低了可靠性.本研究结果对在今后集合预报评分方法中考虑观测资料不确定性的影响,尤其是对集合预报降水的评估起到非常积极的作用. 相似文献
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A regional climate model (RegCM3), coupled with an online dust module, is used to simulate the spatio-temporal distribution and emission flux of dust aerosol (smaller than 20 μm in diameter) over East Asia in the period from 2000 to 2009. The model performance is firstly evaluated against available observations. Simulation results show that the model can capture the characteristics of spatio-temporal distribution of dust aerosol very well over East Asia. There always exist two extremes of dust aerosol optical depth (AOD) and column burden (CB), one is in the Taklimakan Desert of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, and the other is in the Badain Jaran Desert of Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, China. The maximum value of CB appears in spring, secondary maximum in winter and minimum in autumn. To the east of 110°E, dust is transported eastward from a maximum center at a height of 700 hPa over the East Asian continent. Dust emission sources are mainly located in the Taklimakan Desert, Badain Jaran Desert, North Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and Southwest Mongolia. There is also an obvious seasonal variation of dust emission flux (EF). Annual mean dust EF is 1,015.34 mg/(m 2 ·d), of which 62.4% and 2.3% are re-deposited onto the East Asian continent through a dry and wet deposition process, respectively, and the remaining 35.3% is injected into the atmosphere or subject to long-range transport. 相似文献
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TWO BIAS CORRECTION SCHEMES FOR ATOVS RADIANCE DATA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
To better assimilate Advanced TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder (ATOVS) radiance data
and provide more accurate initial fields for a numerical model, two bias correction schemes are employed
to correct the ATOVS radiance data. The difference in the two schemes lies in the predictors use in
air-mass bias correction. The predictors used in SCHEME 1 are all obtained from model first-guess, while
those in SCHEME 2 are from model first-guess and radiance observations. The results from the two
schemes show that after bias correction, the observation residual became smaller and closer to a Gaussian
distribution. For both land and ocean data sets, the results obtained from SCHEME 1 are similar to those
from SCHEME 2, which indicates that the predictors could be used in bias correction of ATOVS data. 相似文献
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2004年冬季风期间一次强寒潮过程的能量收支研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
利用1°(纬度)×1°(经度)的NCEP再分析资料和常规站点观测资料对2004年12月28～31日的一次强寒潮、冷涌过程作了研究,研究结果表明:(1)此次强寒潮事件在我国南海引发了强烈的冷涌,该支冷涌一直向南越过赤道影响南半球.大尺度环境场有利于此次寒潮、冷涌事件的爆发,本次寒潮属于“横槽转竖型”,其中200 hPa的西风带大槽经历了一次调整,500hPa经历了一次明显的横槽转竖过程,对流层低层蒙古高压稳定维持,其东侧的偏北大风是冷空气南下的有利条件.(2)此次寒潮大风区内的动能制造以正压动能制造和斜压动能制造为主,寒潮爆发初期,以正压制造过程为主,此后,由于有效位能释放的作用增强,斜压制造过程与正压制造强度相当,大风区随着动能制造的增强而增强;当斜压、正压动能制造均减弱,大风区亦随之减弱.(3)有效位能收支表明,整层有效位能的释放与大风区相对应,有效位能的释放有利于寒潮、冷涌的维持.寒潮大风区内,对流层高层受有效位能释放的影响最大,有效位能和风能可以互相转换;对流层中层所受的影响最小,且以风能向有效位能转换为主;对流层低层则以有效位能向动能转化为主,十分有利于低层风速的增大和维持. 相似文献
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In this paper, firstly, the bias between observed radiances from the Advanced TIROS-N Operational Vertical Sounder (ATOVS) and those simulated from a model first-guess are corrected. After bias correction, the observed minus calculated (O-B) radiances of most channels were reduced closer to zero, with peak values in each channel shifted towards zero, and the distribution of O-B closer to a Gaussian distribution than without bias correction. Secondly, ATOVS radiance data with and without bias correction are assimilated directly with an Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) data assimilation system, which are then adopted as the initial fields in the forecast model T106L19 to simulate Typhoon Prapiroon (2006) during the period 2-4 August 2006. The prediction results show that the assimilation of ATOVS radiance data with bias correction has a significant and positive impact upon the prediction of the typhoon’s track and intensity, although the results are not perfect. 相似文献
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航空短期区域气候模式预测系统研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
基于国家气候中心的海气耦合业务预测系统CGCM_1.1的预测资料产品,集成并完善了一个单向嵌套的、中尺度海气耦合的区域气候模式ASRegCM,并以其为数值计算核心,建立了一套航空短期区域气候预测业务系统ASRCPOS。对1983～2002年（共20年）的回报试验结果显示,ASRCPOS业务预测水平较前期统计预测为主业务系统的预测水平有一定程度的提高。尤其是在对连续型变量地面气温的距平,以及对非连续型变量地面降水的距平量级预测能力方面,该动力业务系统预测能力较前期业务系统有所改善。回报结果同时显示,业务系统在异常天气气温的预测方面存在较大的改进空间,对月以下时间尺度预报的解释应用方面仍存在一定的局限。 相似文献
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对2003、2007年江淮梅雨期的中尺度对流涡旋（MCV）进行了统计分析,结果表明我国梅雨锋上MCV活跃,这些MCV与强降水有关。2003、2007年江淮梅雨期有9个MCV发生,大多数的MCV发生在32°N～35°N之间的江苏境内。采用ARPS（Advanced Regional Prediction System）的资料分析系统（ADAS）和WRF模式模拟了2个MCV的发展过程,并使用数值模拟结果分析了它们的结构特征。MCV一般发生在强对流系统的北侧,其涡旋环流一般在600 hPa以下,对应涡旋区域对流层高层为强辐散,涡度最强的中心在对流层中层,但正涡度区可伸展到300 hPa。初始阶段MCV的中心为上升运动和中性层结,成熟阶段MCV的中心转为下沉运动,同时其南侧有新的对流发生。发展型和不发展型的MCV对比发现,涡旋对流层高层有涡度增加以及二次对流的潜热释放多,可能是发展型MCV维持时间较长的原因。此外,MCV发展过程中南侧急流的增强对MCV中对流的触发和维持有一定作用。 相似文献
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